Jesmin has lost her passport again. It’s the 2nd time this---------------.

The sentence uses the present perfect tense in the first part: "Jesmin has lost her passport again." This indicates that the action is relevant to the present time. Similarly, in the second part, "It's the 2nd time this ______," the action is connected to the present situation.

• "has happened" is the correct choice because the event (losing the passport) occurred recently and is relevant to the present moment.
• "happens" is incorrect because it implies a habitual or general action, not a specific occurrence.
• "happened" is incorrect because it uses the simple past tense, which does not connect the event to the present.
• "had happened" is incorrect because it uses the past perfect tense, which refers to an action completed before another past action. There is no earlier past action here.

Final Sentence:

"Jesmin has lost her passport again. It’s the 2nd time this has happened."